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投稿时间：2022-07-28 修订日期：2022-08-03
投稿时间：2022-07-28 修订日期：2022-08-03
中文摘要: 随着高品位铀矿的枯竭，从低品位铀矿石中回收伴生元素以降低生产成本成为趋势。在溶浸采铀过程中，为了提高铀及其伴生元素钪的浸出率，以某砂岩型铀矿碱性柱浸后的渣样为研究对象，通过室内静态试验，探究不同硫酸浓度、液固比、温度对铀和钪浸出率的影响，并根据未反应收缩核模型建立浸出动力学模型。结果表明：硫酸浓度为30 g/L、液固比2 mL/g、浸出时间192 h条件下，铀和钪的浸出率随着温度的升高而增加；温度低于30 ℃时，浸出过程受化学反应控制，浸出速率增加较快，但浸出率低；温度高于30 ℃后，浸出过程受混合控制，且铀的浸出速率要高于钪，铀和钪受混合控制的浸出过程的活化能分别为41.28、15.887 kJ/mol。
Abstract:With the depletion of high-grade uranium ore in recent years, the recovery of associated elements from low-grade uranium ore to reduce production costs has become popular. In order to improve leaching rate of U and its associated element Sc in process of U leaching, effects of H2SO4 concentrations, L/S, and temperatures on leaching rate of U and Sc were investigated. Applying alkaline residue sample from a sandstone-type uranium ore after alkaline column leaching as the study object to establish leaching kinetic model based on an unreacted shrinkage nucleation model. The results show that leaching rate of U and Sc rises as the increase of temperature under sulfuric acid concentration of 30 g/L, L/S of 2 mL/g, and leaching duration of 192 h. When the temperature is below 30 ℃, leaching is controlled by chemical reaction, and the leaching rate increases quickly but remains low. When the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the process is mixed control, and leaching rate of U is higher than that of Sc. The activation energy of the leaching process controlled by mixing for U and Sc is 41.28 and 15.887 kJ/mol respectively.
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基金项目:江西省自然科学基金资助项目（20202BABL203033）；国家自然科学基金核技术创新联合基金资助项目（U1967209）；国防基础科研计划资助项目（JCKY2019401D003）；放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室项目（2020RGET08）；横向科研项目（H202100029）
引用文本：
孔德悬,魏学斌,陈功新,刘金辉,周仲魁,高炳伦,马成翠.某砂岩型铀矿石浸出渣样铀钪浸出特征及机理[J].有色金属（冶炼部分）,2022(12):77-83.
KONG De-xuan,WEI Xue-bin,CHEN Gong-xin,LIU Jin-hui,ZHOU Zhong-kui,GAO Bing-lun,MA Cheng-cui.Leaching Characteristics and Mechanism of Uranium and Scandium from Leaching Residues of a Sandstone Type Uranium Ore[J].Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy),2022(12):77-83.
孔德悬,魏学斌,陈功新,刘金辉,周仲魁,高炳伦,马成翠.某砂岩型铀矿石浸出渣样铀钪浸出特征及机理[J].有色金属（冶炼部分）,2022(12):77-83.
KONG De-xuan,WEI Xue-bin,CHEN Gong-xin,LIU Jin-hui,ZHOU Zhong-kui,GAO Bing-lun,MA Cheng-cui.Leaching Characteristics and Mechanism of Uranium and Scandium from Leaching Residues of a Sandstone Type Uranium Ore[J].Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy),2022(12):77-83.
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