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| Change of Mineral Structure before and after High-pressure Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Low-grade Laterite Nickel Ores |
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Received:March 29, 2024
Revised:April 11, 2024
Accepted:April 16, 2024
Published Online:September 11, 2024
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| DOI：doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2024.10.007 |
| KeyWord:nickel laterite; process mineralogy; nickel; cobalt; high pressure acid leaching |
| Author | Institution |
| WU Jiyao |
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 |
| MA Baozhong |
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 |
| CHEN Yongqiang |
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 |
| WANG Chengyan |
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院 |
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| Abstract: |
| The nickel laterite ore from a mine in Philippines was analyzed for systematic process mineralogy. The results show that the ore sample contains 44.83% iron, 1.96% silicon, 1.18% magnesium, 1.02% nickel and 0.12% cobalt. It is a typical limonitic lateritic nickel ore. The main minerals in the samples are goethite, chrome spinel, quartz and other clay minerals, nickel and cobalt are mainly in iron minerals, and also in other minerals, and no nickel and cobalt minerals exist independently. Based on the characteristics of the minerals, the high-pressure sulfuric acid leaching process was chosen to treat the minerals. The leaching rate of nickel and cobalt is both 95% above, and the leaching rate of iron is less than 1% under the conditions including acid dosage of 29 g for 100 g mineral, temperature of 250 ℃, liquid-solid ratio of 3 mL/g, and reaction time of 30 min,, which realizes the selective leaching of nickel and cobalt. The process mineralogical analysis of the leaching residue was carried out to analyze the causes of incomplete leaching of nickel and cobalt. During the leaching process, the acicular ferrite mineral phase in the raw ore is destroyed, and the nickel and cobalt endowed in it are leached into the solution, while the nickel and cobalt that are not leached are deposited in the chrome spinel, which is the main reason for the incomplete leaching of nickel and cobalt. The main sulfur-containing phase in the leaching residue is alunite produced by aluminum hydrolysis. In addition, the leaching slag may also contain part of the sulfate such as magnesium sulfate, both of which are closely combined with iron minerals. The sulfur-containing minerals in the leaching residue are tightly bound to iron minerals, so chemical desulfurization is required to remove the sulfur and realize its comprehensive utilization. |
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