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| Fundamental Research and Practice of Collaborative Treatment of Goethite Residues in Lead Flash Smelter |
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Received:May 31, 2024
Revised:June 11, 2024
Accepted:June 11, 2024
Published Online:August 08, 2024
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| DOI：doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2024.09.009 |
| KeyWord:flash reaction; zinc ferrite; zinc hydrometallurgy; goethite residues; slag; viscosity; spinel |
| Author | Institution |
| XU Kehua |
深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 |
| MA Kai |
复杂物料冶金与高温熔体研究组 |
| MA Zhijun |
深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 |
| YU Zhiqian |
复杂物料冶金与高温熔体研究组 |
| CHEN Shaogang |
深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司丹霞冶炼厂 |
| XIA Longgong |
复杂物料冶金与高温熔体研究组 |
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| Abstract: |
| Zinc is an important base metal in supporting the development of economy, and by-products in zinc-making process including indium, gallium, germanium, and sulfuric acid, etc. also support the development of strategic emerging industries. The effective utilization of zinc hydrometallurgical residues such as iron precipitates is a critical problem for all zinc smelting enterprises. Co-treating zinc hydrometallurgical residues in lead smelting processes has been recognized as a preferred strategy both domestically and internationally. It can achieve efficient recovery of valuable metals and environmental protection purposes. The Kivcet flash smelting technology is a highly strengthen direct lead concentrate smelting process with advantages of good adaptability to raw materials, high degree of equipment automation, and excellent environmental behaviors, etc. The flash lead smelting process with the feature of co-smelting goethite residue has good potential. However in industrial practice, when a Kivcet flash furnace processes a large proportion of goethite residue, problems such as deterioration of slag layer properties, incomplete lead/slag separation, and forced high-temperature operation are prone to occur. In this study, the flash reaction process of goethite residue was experimentally studied, the transformation rules of zinc, iron, aluminum, and calcium-bearing phases were clarified, and the influence of goethite residue on the flash lead smelting process was clarified. Suggestions are summarized as follows: 1) Controlling Zn and Al content in starting materials; 2) Improving the reduction of slag in the electric furnace section; 3) Use thick slag layer in operation. These following suggestions, i.e., increasing the coke ratio, increasing the electrode power and increasing the thickness of high slag layer in the electric furnace area, have been applied in later practice, and the problems mentioned above have been well resolved. |
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