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| Attribute Investigation and Disposal Recommendation of Solid Wastes from Lead Smelting Process |
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Received:December 02, 2024
Revised:December 26, 2024
Accepted:December 31, 2024
Published Online:April 19, 2025
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| DOI：doi：10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2025.05.001 |
| KeyWord:lead smelting; solid wastes; resource attribute; environmental attribute; analytical lists; treatment and disposal countermeasures of solid wastes |
| Author | Institution |
| WANG Yunyan |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
| LU Yangqin |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
| TANG Jinyao |
中机国际工程设计研究院有限责任公司 |
| XU Hui |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
| KE Yong |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
| LI Yun |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
| PENG Cong |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
| MIN Xiaobo |
中南大学冶金与环境学院 |
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| Abstract: |
| Solid wastes, produced and discharged from non-ferrous metallurgical processes, have both resource attributes and environmental attributes, and the two interact with each other. Therefore, clarifying the resource and environment attributes of solid waste is the key to improve the high valuable utilization. Address to the insufficient cognition of resource and environmental attribute of solid waste in lead smelting process, the resource and environment attributes of solid waste of lead smelting were analyzed, the analytic list of sources of solid wastes was determined, and the treatment and disposal strategies of solid wastes were put forward. All these will provide guidance for the classified disposal and comprehensive utilization of solid waste in lead smelter. The analytical list of element content and leaching toxicity of solid waste from lead smelting was established based on the comprehensive analysis of the properties of solid waste from lead smelting, the deep analysis of elemental morphology and phase distribution. Polymetallic recovery and separation, stabilization and harmlessness of harmful elements should be paid attention to when the comprehensive utilization of solid waste is realized. Copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, cadmium and chromium were leached from almost all solid wastes in lead smelting systems. 20 solid waste samples were collected, in which 13 solid wastes belong to high leaching risk solid waste, 5 samples belong to low leaching risk solid waste, and only 2 samples belong to general solid waste. Environmental sludge has all forms of toxic heavy metals and is a kind of very dangerous solid waste. The disseminated state of matter in each slag is different. For example, the main components of flue gas treated acid mud and lead refining oxidation residue are both lead (51.2% and 41.1%), but lead exists in the form of lead sulfate, lead oxide and elemental lead respectively, the lead in flue gas treated acid mud mainly exists in the residual state, and the lead in the oxidation residue mainly exists in the form of acid extractable state and oxidizable state. The recycling process of lead smelting solid waste resources should pay attention to the impact of some heavy metal elements and carry out separation and impurity removal. For environmental sludge, gypsum slag, and other valuable metal content are low, heavy metal leaching toxicity is high, strong migration capacity of solid waste should focus on treatment and disposal to reduce its environmental hazards. |
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